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Coastal erosion is a persistent challenge for communities worldwide, driven by rising sea levels, frequent storms, and human activity along shorelines. Geotextile sand containers can offer a versatile, “soft” alternative to traditional solutions like rock groynes and seawalls , which can be costly and have their own drawbacks. They can provide a balanced approach to shoreline protection by combining durability with potenially reduced ecological impact (site dependent - read on for clarification).  In this article, we’ll explore what geotextile sand containers are, their key advantages and disadvantages, and when they are an ideal choice for coastal resilience. You will learn how they can offer effective erosion control when designed and implemented with expertise.  What Are Geotextile Sand Containers?   Geotextile sand containers, also known as geotextile sand bags or geosynthetic sand containers, are durable 'bags/blocks' or 'tubes' made from high-strength geotextile fabric and filled with sand or other local materials. Unlike rigid materials such as rock or concrete, these containers adapt naturally to the coastal environment and can be installed in a variety of configurations, such as groynes, seawalls , breakwaters and even artificial reefs .   "These sand-filled geotextile containers aren’t just soft rock; they’re flexible, adaptable, and designed to work with nature, not against it." - Angus Jackson, ICM When Are Geotextile Sand Containers a Good Solution?  Geotextile sand containers are highly adaptable and can be used in a range of coastal protection projects. They are especially suitable when the project requires flexibility, low impact, or involves challenging logistics. Here are some ideal scenarios for considering them:  Low-Crested and Recreational Sites:  Geotextile sand containers are a good choice for low-crested structures in areas with high recreational use. Their sand-filled composition provides a “soft,” hydraulically smooth structure, making them safer for beachgoers.  Temporary, Flexible, or Staged Designs: When quick installation is essential, such as in temporary or phased projects, geotextile sand containers allow for modular and flexible design. The containers can be quickly filled and installed, and their modular nature means they can be constructed in stages or modified if conditions change.  Sites with Limited Access to Rock or Large Equipment: In remote or environmentally sensitive locations, where importing large amounts of rock or concrete would be challenging, geotextile sand containers offer an effective alternative. They can be filled with sand sourced locally, minimising transport impact and the need for heavy machinery.  Environmentally Friendly Projects: Geotextile sand containers can have lower carbon footprint than other materials (including rock - considering material transport to site) and also have the capacity to support marine life. Over time, they often become colonised by marine flora, helping create habitats and blend into the natural landscape. Their soft exterior attracts 'softer' flora such as algaes, kelps and soft corals in certain scenarios.   Low-Impact and Adaptable Infrastructure Needs: Use is ideal where resistance to natural forces is needed without major impact loads. They are resilient to wave action, yet their modular design allows for removal, modification, or coverage with rock if required. This flexibility also makes them easy to inspect, repair, and replace.  Important Considerations for Effective Deployment  Geotextile sand container use should be carefully tailored to the specific coastal conditions of the site. Variables such as wave climate, nearshore slope, tides, sediment transport rates, and geotechnical factors all influence the optimal design and placement of these structures. Using advanced design tools and models,  coastal engineers  are essential for ensuring that these factors are thoroughly evaluated. With the right expertise, this coastal erosion solution  can provide stable, long-lasting protection with minimal impact on surrounding ecosystems.    “Geosynthetic applications in coastal structures need specialised design, maintenance, and monitoring to meet durability expectations, especially in light of climate change pressures and potential scarcity of natural rock resources.” - Angus Jackson, ICM  Advantages of Geotextile Sand Containers Cost-Effective and Accessible : Depending on the site, compared to traditional rock or concrete barriers, geotextile sand containers can be more economical. They can be filled on-site, reducing transportation costs, and are particularly suitable for locations where access to heavy materials like rock may be limited.  Flexible and “Soft” Infrastructure : Because of their sand filling, geotextile sand containers provide a soft surface, which is safer for recreational beaches where people engage in water sports.  Environmentally Compatible : The geotextile fabric used in these containers can allow the growth of marine life, making them compatible with natural habitats. Over time, they can build biodiversity, providing surfaces for marine organisms to grow and supporting local ecosystems.  Ideal for Emergency and Temporary Use : In urgent situations where erosion control is needed immediately, these sand containers can be quickly filled and placed, or used as temporary structures while more permanent solutions are developed.  Disadvantages of Geotextile Sand Containers  While they offer many advantages, there are also some limitations:  Durability Concerns : Although they are engineered for strength, they may degrade over time, especially in high-energy wave environments. Prolonged UV exposure and sharp debris can also reduce their lifespan.  Potential for Displacement : In areas with extreme weather or powerful waves, they may become displaced or damaged without proper design or installation and maintenance, reducing their effectiveness.  Maintenance Requirements : Regular inspection and upkeep are essential to ensure they perform well over time. Without adequate maintenance, they may be subject to things like vandalism or shift and lose their protective function.  Quality Variations : Not all geotextile materials are created equal. Inferior geotextile fabric can lead to quicker degradation or failure, which is why it’s essential to use high-quality geotextile bags/containers from reputable companies.  At ICM, we have decades of experience in identifying and sourcing high quality geotextile companies. Our team ensures that clients receive top-quality materials for maximum durability and performance. Additionally, our coastal engineers carefully assess project sites to determine the best installation methods and configurations, enhancing the lifespan and effectiveness of each GSC structure.  Importance of Working with Coastal Engineers  Using geotextile sand containers for coastal protection requires a thorough understanding of coastal dynamics. Experienced coastal engineers are essential for analysing factors like wave energy, sediment movement, and environmental impacts, ensuring that the design and installation of these structures provide effective beach erosion protection.  Our experienced engineers at ICM guide each phase of the project:  Site Analysis : Conducting wave, sediment, and environmental assessments.  Customised Design : Tailoring the size, shape, and layout of geotextile sand container structures based on site-specific needs.  Expert Installation : Selecting the best installation method to maximise resilience, whether through above-water filling, shallow-water filling with divers, or using a split-hull barge for deep-water installations.  Ongoing Monitoring : Our team can preapre a monitiring and mainteance plan or perform routine innspctions (site dependent).  ICM’s coastal engineering team is dedicated to delivering GSC solutions that not only meet but exceed industry standards for quality and durability.  Real-World Applications and Success Stories  ICM have used geotextile sand containers in projects globally over the past 40 years. Here are some key projects: Maroochydore Groynes, QLD  In Maroochydore, Queensland, geotextile sand bags were used to create groynes that successfully stabilised the shoreline. Built with 2.5 cubic meter bags, these groynes were engineered for coastal protection while providing recreational benefits. ICM developed the design of the structures and also the containers and filling methods in conjunction with Geofrabrics to make them manageable with one excavator. After 20 years the structure was upgraded by a local contractor as the community opted to keep the groynes as sand filled geotextiles containers and not switch to rock for their user-friendliness.   “We don’t always need traditional hard structures. Sometimes a softer, more flexible approach is exactly what’s needed.”  Narrowneck Artificial Reef, QLD  The Narrowneck project on the Gold Coast used geotextile mega containers to construct a large scale multipurpose artificial reef. ICM developed the reef design and the filling and placement methods to achieve the most cost-effective volume of artificial reef creation to date. This reef not only assists in protecting the coastline but also enhances recreational amenities with improving surf conditions and diving opportunities. By combining erosion control with a boost to local tourism, this project demonstrates the multifunctionality of geotextile sand containers.  "We designed it as a coastal defense, but it quickly became a fishing and diving hotspot. People and nature both adapted to it, making it more than just a breakwater." - Angus Jackson, ICM Munna Point, Noosa River, QLD  Munna Point, a recreational beach on the Noosa River, faced severe erosion, leading to costly, frequent nourishment efforts. To restore the beach, ICM implemented a groyne field with low-crested geotextile sand containers and targeted nourishment. The first three groynes were installed using an innovative in-situ filling method with a dredge. Monitoring over 12 months showed a stable intertidal profile, and the beach now serves as a well-used community amenity.   Another first of its kind approach to placing sand filled geocontainers, these methods have since been used on multiple projects around the globe.   Private Island, Abu Dhabi:   ICM completed a structure in Abu Dhabi for a private island, developing 'soft' breakwaters out of geotextile sand containers. They quickly became popular recreational facilities for the beachgoers, and providing coastal protection, and helped to preserve the marine habitat (by having a much smaller footprint than the alternative proposed rock breakwater). Geotextile sand containers are favoured on remote islands for their minimal environmental impact (compared to high carbon footprints of importing rock) and adaptability to unique coastal conditions.  "We found that geotextiles often provide a much smaller footprint and create a habitat for marine life, something that’s hard to achieve with traditional rock structures." - Angus Jackson, ICM Frequently Asked Questions  What is the longevity of geotextile sand containers in harsh environments?  With the right design and regular maintenance, it's suggested that they can achieve a 30-year design life for structures (this depends on the material supplier and use of the containers, exposure, etc.). When it comes to repairs, geotextiles are easy to modify and manage. How do geotextile sand containers compare to rock groynes and seawalls?  While traditional structures made with rock and concrete modules are effective for erosion control, they can come with high costs and environmental drawbacks for remote areas. The best material for site depends on a multitude of factors and all options should be considered by a coastal engineer to achieve the best possible outcomes.     How do geotextile sand containers protect against tidal flow?  When well-designed and correctly filled they can offer excellent durability and strength in tidal conditions.   How can we prevent pollution at the end of a geotextile sand containers life?  Removal plans are often part of the design to minimise environmental impact.   How do I know if geotextile containers will work for my project/site?  By reviewing the conditions on site and working with you to achieve the expected outcomes, a coastal engineer can review several options which may include geotextile conatiners. They can also review which supplier(s) might be best suited to your project needs (as not all geotextiles are created equal and some are designed specifically for certain coastal applications). Will geotextile containers last on my project?  Sand filled geotextile conatiners are not a silver bullet for all coastal projects. Yes, they can be ideal for some projects, but then not recommended for other projects. It really depends on the site conditions and the expected outcomes however, for most coastal projects sand filled geotextile containers should at least be considered in an options analysis.   Do you want to use geotextile sand containers for your coastal project?  They can offer a great ‘soft’ solution for coastal erosion control, combining cost-effectiveness with environmental benefits and versatility. These structures allow coastal communities to protect shorelines while creating safer, more accessible beach environments.  At International Coastal Management (ICM), we have over 40 years of experience in designing and implementing these structures tailored to unique coastal needs. From emergency erosion solutions to permanent beach stabilisation, our expertise ensures you’ll have a customised approach that maximises resilience.  Contact us today to see whether geotextile sand containers would be a good fit for your coastal protection project.

Erosion at Munna Point caused loss of beaches and prompted the need for a sustainable solution. ICM designed and delivered a low-impact groyne system, complemented by dredging and nourishment, to stabilise the shoreline and restore recreational beach access. Project Details  Client:  Noosa Shire Council  Date:  2014-2018  Location:  Noosaville, Queensland, Australia  About This Project  The Challenge  Munna Point experienced ongoing erosion, leading to the complete loss of beaches in some areas. Regular nourishment programs provided limited results and were eventually discontinued. The location, including the adjacent Noosa River Holiday Park (a Queensland Heritage site), required a solution that addressed aesthetic concerns, minimised environmental impacts, and preserved public access while ensuring long-term stability.  The Solution  ICM developed a tailored design comprising of seven low-crested groynes and a dredging and nourishment program to reinstate the foreshore beach. Key features of the solution included:  Resilient Design: Conservative spacing of groynes to ensure stability and minimise future maintenance.  Custom Geotextile Materials: Sand-filled geotextile mattress was used to mitigate risks of deepening at the groyne heads, ensuring long-term durability. User-Friendly Design: Soft, sandy-colored geotextile containers maintained aesthetic harmony and ensured the groynes were safe and accessible for public use.  The works were executed in two stages, with a comprehensive monitoring program to evaluate performance. Approvals from local council and state agencies were secured for each stage, including a formal monitoring program to track outcomes and minimise risks.  “This project showcases how thoughtful design can balance shoreline stabilisation, environmental sustainability, and community needs. We’re proud to have delivered a solution that preserves Munna Point’s natural beauty and utility for years to come.” - International Coastal Management  Services Provided  Concept Design  Detailed Design  Approvals Management  Contract Superintendent Services  Certification  Monitoring    Get in Touch  With decades of experience delivering tailored coastal protection solutions , International Coastal Management specialises in groyne systems, beach nourishment, and innovative designs that respect community values and environmental integrity. Contact us today to discuss your upcoming project.

Holloways and Clifton Beaches in Cairns have faced ongoing erosion for decades, threatening public infrastructure, parklands, and essential roads. ICM provided innovative erosion management solutions that maintained beach access and public use along the foreshore.  Project details Client: Cairns Regional Council Date: 2024 Location: Clifton Beach & Holloways Beach, Cairns, Far North Queensland About this project:    The Challenge:  Holloways and Clifton Beaches experienced severe erosion, leading to the loss of vegetation and the risk of damage to critical public assets. Traditional erosion control methods posed challenges in balancing cost, environmental impact, and public accessibility.  The Solution: ICM conducted a detailed design process to identify the most effective erosion management solution. Through options assessment and cost-benefit analysis, a nearshore breakwater design was selected. This approach combined nature-based principles with low-impact, cost-efficient engineering. The design process included:  Use of the GenCADE sediment transport model to assess beach stabilisation and impacts.  Evaluation of multiple structure types, including groynes, breakwaters, and artificial reefs, using diverse materials such as geotextile structures and pre-cast concrete.  Calibration based on similar structures at Ellis Beach to optimise performance and recreational outcomes.  ICM also prepared detailed technical specifications, safety plans, and an Adaptive Management Plan to address future coastal risks and monitoring requirements.  “Our tailored approach ensures coastal protection solutions that work with nature, safeguarding public infrastructure while enhancing community access and sustainability.” - Sam King, Project Lead, International Coastal Management Services provided  Options Analysis & Cost-Benefit Analysis  Concept & Detailed Design  Technical Specifications & Safety in Design  Approvals & Grant Funding Application Assistance  Graphics Rendering for Community Consultation  Adaptive Management Planning  Get in touch At International Coastal Management, we have over 40 years of experience in designing and implementing coastal erosion solutions. From emergency erosion solutions to permanent beach stabilisation, our expertise ensures you’ll have a customised approach that maximises resilience.  Contact us  today to see what solution would be a good fit for your coastal protection project.

In the face of growing climate change impacts, such as rising sea levels, extreme storm events, and environmental unpredictability, coastal engineering has shifted toward solutions that work with nature to enhance resilience and sustainability. While nature-based solutions have been successfully implemented in inshore and estuarine environments, high-wave energy open coasts present unique challenges that require innovative approaches. At the recent International Conference on Coastal Engineering (ICCE 2024) , ICM's Senior Coastal Engineer, Sam King , presented on the topic of " Working with Nature Along Open Coasts, The Past, Present and Future .” This research highlights the progress and potential of nature-based solutions, particularly in challenging environments like open coasts, where the forces of nature are often more extreme. Below, we explore the key takeaways from this important work, which focuses on balancing coastal protection with ecological and community values. The Shift Toward Nature-Based Solutions In recent years, the field of coastal engineering has increasingly adopted nature-based solutions to address the dual goals of coastal protection and ecological restoration. These approaches aim to harness natural processes to improve ecosystem health, sequester carbon, and preserve coastal community values, while also providing practical benefits like erosion control and improved fisheries. However, when it comes to high-wave energy open coasts, where the environment is more dynamic and extreme, nature-based solutions alone often struggle to provide immediate or long-term protection. As a result, hybrid solutions—which combine both natural and engineered elements—are becoming increasingly critical for achieving the desired outcomes. Past Experiences and Proven Hybrid Solutions Drawing from past projects, ICM’s research has explored how hybrid nature-based solutions can be applied to high-wave energy environments. Examples include the use of dune management  and beach vegetation practices alongside buried seawalls, which allow natural processes to absorb and respond to coastal erosion trends while maintaining the protective capabilities of engineered infrastructure. Similarly, the use of artificial reefs  and nearshore nourishment  has proven successful in maintaining beach amenity and resilience while enhancing coastal protection during severe storm events. The Narrowneck Artificial Reef on the Gold Coast, Australia , serves as a prime example of this approach, where environmental values were improved through the integration of sustainable materials to support marine habitats. Present Innovations and Challenges  As the field of coastal engineering continues to evolve, coastal communities are increasingly calling for more innovative and sustainable solutions. Competitions like the Oceanside Re:Beach Design Competition  in the U.S. and recent policy developments, such as the Biden-Harris roadmap for nature-based solutions , highlight the growing demand for environmentally conscious approaches to coastal protection. However, implementing these solutions on open coasts comes with its own set of challenges: Immediate protection needs: Ecological processes take time to fully develop. In high-energy environments, this can leave areas vulnerable in the short term. Wave energy impacts: The extreme conditions on open coasts can impose significant stress on natural systems, leading to potential loss of protection capacity during severe weather events. Ecological incompatibilities: High-energy environments may not always be conducive to the successful establishment of certain natural systems, particularly those that require stable sediment conditions. Despite these challenges, the present state of nature-based solutions offers promising opportunities. With improved tools such as the Australian Guidelines for Nature-Based Methods  and the USACE Engineering with Nature Toolkit , engineers now have better frameworks to integrate nature-based elements into coastal protection projects. Future Directions Looking ahead, coastal engineers in Australia and globally will need to adopt more integrated coastal management systems that combine both conventional and nature-based solutions to address the long-term impacts of climate change. These approaches will need to preserve coastal values, protect community livelihoods, and ensure sustainable coastal economies. Pilot projects, like ICM’s work on the Oceanside Re:Beach Project , will be key to advancing these strategies. Ongoing monitoring and research will play a vital role in refining nature-based guidelines and ensuring that future projects are both resilient and adaptable to the changing coastal environment. The shift toward working with nature in coastal engineering represents a fundamental change in how we approach coastal protection in the face of climate change. By integrating nature-based solutions with conventional engineering methods, we can create robust, sustainable systems that protect both our coastlines and the communities that rely on them. Interested in learning how nature-based coastal protection can benefit your next project? Contact us today to discuss how ICM’s innovative solutions can help enhance coastal resilience while preserving environmental and community values. Poster: Working with Nature Along Open Coasts, Presented at the ICCE 2024 .

Beach erosion is a natural process and typically happens seasonally throughout the year. There are a wide range of factors that may cause greater than expected erosion and potential property damage. This article looks at beach erosion prevention solutions and how best to integrate them into a site. What is Beach Erosion and How is it Prevented? Beach erosion is the loss of sand, rubble and or rock from a beach front over time. There are various degrees of beach erosion that can occur at a site relative to time: Cyclical erosion – this is typically based on seasonal storm patterns whereby a beach may erode during storm syrge or high wave energy. During the calmer months, the beach will naturally re-build Significant event erosion – this is where a greater than normal storm event may take place and remove a significant amount of beachfront. During the quitter months some sand may re-build, but it will not be back to the same level it was pre-event Ongoing erosion – this is where a storm event or season takes place, causing erosion, however, there is no natural sand reserves to replace or rebuild during the quiet months. Therefore, there is a general erosive trend landward that does not stabilise over time. Is Beach Erosion a Natural Process? Beach erosion is a natural process. It happens at very different rates depending on the site conditions and can result in one of the above-mentioned erosion types (also site dependant). In many cases where a beachfront is left in its natural state, the erosion that occurs will be cyclical. This is how natural beaches stay relatively stable over time. With erosion occurring during storm season and deposition (sand build up) during calmer months. What is the Main Cause of Beach Erosion Some level of beach erosion occurs on most beachfronts around the world over time. In most cases, beach erosion is only really a problem when it relates property boundaries or infrastructure. This is when notable changes in the beach require beach erosion prevention solutions. There are a few factors that contribute to the erosion itself but in many cases, it comes down to a few key factors: Wave impacts direct on shore have changed There may be increased wave impacts on a section of coastline. This may be a combination of climate change, increased sea levels or changes to the surrounding areas (human inference) Reduced sand flow to an area Generally, occurs with interruption of natural sand flow by man-made structures on nearby site) which can reduce the ability for the beach to naturally build-up back up over time A beach may be artificially created (or nourished) with a sand that is not well suited for the wave conditions at the site Beach sand can vary significantly in quality and grain size. Very fine sand requires a significantly flatter slope than larger grains to sit at a ‘stable’ profile What are the Effects of Coastal Erosion? Depending on the site and the severity of the erosion there can be different effects. The most noticeable effects of coastal erosion include: Beach loss Property loss Property damage Landslides If erosion is occurring and the beach is not re-building (no deposition during calm months) it is possible that the rate of erosion may increase over time. The best way to avoid further property loss is to take action as soon as possible. Ways to Prevent Beach Erosion There are a lot of beach erosion prevention solutions out there. Each with their own advantages and disadvantages. However, whater the solution may be, there is a process to determine which will work the best for the site. The general process for preventing beach erosion is to follow the following: Do a site investigation This should be done by a professional coastal engineer It may include survey (both of the land and the sea) Determine the causes and rate of erosion This can also be done by a coastal engineer It can be done using a variety of mathematical equations and even computer simulated models taking into consideration all elements at the site (tide, wind, wave, surrounding interferences that may be man-made or naturally occurring) Review all relevant coastal erosion solutions with their suitability to site This takes into consideration things like constructability, cost, aesthetic, efficiency, etc. Review and narrow down preferred option trough options analysis Detail a solution Once a preferred beach erosion prevention solution has been determined, a detailed design can be done. This will result in drawings and construction material volumes that should be used by a contactor to build Construct the beach erosion control solution(s) There may be a variety of different structures and solutions implemented at the site Monitor the site It is good practice to follow-up with the site after significant storm events to ensure the design is performing as expected What is a Way to Stop Coastal Erosion Naturally? Our environment has developed some amazing nature based solutions to prevent and reduce coastal erosion. These are referred to as blue/green solutions of which there are two primary types: Coral reefs Mangroves Nourishment Coral Reefs to Prevent Beach Erosion Coral reefs are amazing wave breakers and have been said to reduce wave energy by up to 97%. Coral reefs are also very fragile environments and subject to detrimental conditions (both natural and human influenced), which has led to their demise. In most instances, if the coral reef has degraded to a point where it is no longer acting as a significant wave breaker there is likely a multitude of factors at play which may include overfishing, physical damage from construction, sea temperatures rising, etc. Therefore, simply planting more coral may work in the short term but if conditions persist, they may be destined for the same fate. In addition to planting coral, artificial reefs can be used to help reduce wave impact to prevent beach erosion. Mangroves to Prevent Beach Erosion Mangroves are one of nature’s most important coastal inventions. Not only do they provide habitat for the majority of juvenile fish species, they act as wave breaking barriers simultaneously reducing wave energy while ‘holding’ the beach in place through a complex root system. It should be noted that both coral reefs and mangroves do not survive in all weather conditions (the need tropical/sub tropical). However, there are many other types of vegetation that can be used to ‘hold’ beach sand in place. Why do Plants and Trees Prevent Soil Erosion? The root systems of coastal vegetation (especially dune vegetation) are dense, which act as a kind of underground ‘net’ to trap sand and soil in position. Therefore, adding more dune vegetation to a site is a great, natural way to reduce or prevent beach erosion. ‘Soft’ Solutions to Prevent Beach Erosion Beach nourishment is a widely used form of coastal erosion control, however, it is rarely used as a stand-alone solution. Typically, beach nourishment (artificially nourishing the beach with imported or local sand) is done in conjunction with a form of ‘hard’ beach erosion control. This is typically, done so that the newly nourished beach can be ‘held’ in position with some kind of hard structure. However, alternative soft solutions include the creation of offshore sand banks to break waves offshore and reduce the chance of erosion. Nearshore nourishment can be used to get better cost to volume of sand placement. Hard Beach Erosion Prevention Solutions Engineered beach erosion prevention solutions include ‘hard’ structures such as: Seawalls (make sure you review advantages and disadvantages of seawalls ) Breakwaters Artificial Reefs Floating breakwaters Groynes/ Groines These can be arranged in a variety of ways to best suit a site. They can also be made from a variety of materials including concrete, rip rap rock, geotextile sand containers or modules. Note that these kinds of solutions should only be installed with consultation of experienced coastal engineers as in many cases, improper installation can actually increase beach erosion and cause further damage to nearby properties. How do Groynes Reduce Coastal Erosion One example of how the hard structures (groynes) can reduce beach erosion is that groynes act as beach compartmentalisation structures. This means that they can prevent sand from being lost from the system if there is a significant storm event. In this case the sand may shift slightly within the confines of the groynes, but would not be totally removed from the beach. The beach may then naturally re-align over time or some maintenance (beach scraping or shitting) can be done to manually shift the beach back into alignment. Stabilising Shoreland Property to Prevent Erosion There are a lot of beach erosion prevention solutions available and with the right design, almost any beach can be protected. In the dynamic, coastal environment things are always changing and therefore need to take into consideration things like sea-level rise, increased storm severity and more. It is always recommended that a professional coastal engineer be consulted when looking to prevent beach erosion at a site, as in many cases world-wide when coastal structures are installed incorrectly, they can actually cause more damage than good. Costs Consideration of Beach Erosion Prevention Solutions There is a range of cost-effective solutions that can be implemented at a site to reduce upfront (capital costs). It should be taken into consideration that costs for beach erosion prevention solutions can be distributed between capital and maintenance. In general, large upfront costs for large scale construction can lead to minimal need for maintenance or future works, however, if a low impact/low cost solution is preferred then a maintenance plan can also be developed. For example, a breakwater may be constructed offshore of a site to be large and stop ALL waves at all expected conditions. This would be a significant upfront cost. It would also be a large aesthetic disturbance. However, if reduced in size to be approximately half the size (and cost) and stop waves 60% of the time then, there would be still a significant improvement at the site/reduction in beach erosion compared to the ‘do-nothing’ option. And the cost to maintain the site over time would be much less that the ‘do nothing’ option. When a coastal engineer reviews relevant coastal erosion prevention solutions (step 3 as mentioned above) costs of capital vs. maintenance should be considered and discussed and built into the design process.

In the face of rising sea levels, intensified storm events and ever-increasing unpredictability in our environment, the traditional paradigms of coastal management are seeing a profound transformation towards engineering solutions that work with nature and for nature. Nature has the power to do the heavy lifting when it comes to building coastal resilience, providing long-term protection and retaining our coastal values. In recent years, the emphasis in coastal engineering has switched from controlling nature to cooperating with it in order to achieve not only the design objectives, but the best outcomes for the coastal site. We, at International Coastal management, are industry experts in the field of coastal engineering, and have always recognised and understood the value and importance of working with nature in the coastal zone. Our goal has always been to develop solutions to offer resilience and sustainability in the coastal zone, backed by our extensive expertise in working with nature and the broad range of global case studies we've conducted. Cooperating with Nature There are a range of different terms being used by coastal engineers, ecologists and planners, such as Green Infrastructure, Nature Based Solutions, Living Shorelines, or Engineering with Nature, and we have been at the forefront of implementing these solutions. Each of these methods all fall under the broader framework of Eco-Engineering, which is the over-arching idea to combine the restoration or preservation of the natural environment with engineering design. One of the most straightforward methods is Green Infrastructure, or Natural Infrastructure , which is simply the use of natural areas, and engineered solutions that mimic natural processes, to manage and reduce coastal erosion and flooding. This could include dunes, beach nourishment, sediment bypassing, marine and land-based vegetation, shellfish habitat, artificial reefs etc. Nature-Based Solutions and Living Shorelines also fall within Green Infrastructure and seek to achieve a similar goal; provide coastal protection through the restoration of natural ecological processes. The important distinction here being that it is the natural ecological processes that need to be providing the coastal protection, such as coral reefs, mangroves, saltmarshes or oyster reefs themselves acting to dissipate wave energy to protect the shoreline. While these ecologies can provide effective coastal protection, it is not so simple to just ‘install’ a mangrove forest or coral reef for example. Some conventional ‘hard’ engineering aspects would likely be required to support the restoration of the ecological processes, such as rock sills, reef substrate beds, sand pumping/bypassing infrastructure, the so called ‘hybrid’ solutions. This is particularly the case on open coastlines where a significant amount of wave energy may need to be dissipated. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers concept of Engineering with Nature is a more prescriptive form of green infrastructure that seeks to not only make use of natural systems and processes to deliver coastal protection and water management, but also integrate the solution with social, environmental and economic benefits in order to create a more socially acceptable, viable, equitable and sustainable solution. Finally, there is IENCE, or Infrastructure that Enhances the Natural Capacity of the Environment, which is another form of eco-engineering that encourages the design of coastal solutions to not only work with, but also enhance the natural environment at the site. This could include incorporating aspects of habitat restoration into conventional solutions, such as advanced marine substates or geometry/rugosity that meets ecological criteria for marine species, or mimicking the natural processes that work effective at the site, such as supporting sand dunes, offshore sand bars, headlands or artificial reefs. While there are some differences in what is required to meet the definition of each of these methods, they each share common ground with harnessing the power of the natural environment and produce sustainable coastal protection systems that can adapt to the effects of climate change and improve the overall health and resilience of coastal ecosystems and values. Whether it is IENCE, Green Infrastructure or Engineering with Nature, International Coastal Management has experience with each of these concepts and understands the need for carefully considered design and a multi-disciplinary approach in order to deliver the best outcomes for coastal sites. We worked with The Nature Conservancy and Noosa Shire Council to deliver the Huon Mundy reefs as part of the Noosa River Oyster Ecosystem Restoration Project ; a first in Queensland, Australia, for its scale and a globally recognised nature-based project, which will be included in the 2023 USACE Engineering with Nature Atlas. The goal of the project was to restore the rock oyster shellfish ecosystem to the river, which had once thrived throughout the Noosa estuary and had been a significant food resource and meeting place for the local Kabi Kabi traditional owners. In addition to the multitude of environmental, social and economic benefits the restoration of the shellfish ecosystem would provide, we also recognised the potential for the reefs to provide a sustainable and resilient coastal protection system for the riverbanks, and our design of the reefs was adapted to provide this. The project has been a success for the region and has become a benchmark for NBS in the region, with restoration of oyster habitat, improvement to marine ecosystem biodiversity, eco-tourism and reconciliation with local Traditional Owners. Addressing Disaster Risk Historically, conventional 'hard' engineering options, such as boulder seawalls, have been used for coastal erosion protection against extreme storms, tropical cyclones, east coast lows and hurricanes. While these options offer great coastal protection, when properly designed, they typically offer little benefit to natural ecosystems and preservation of coastal values, and may even exacerbate coastal hazards elsewhere. Our method is distinct from more conventional approaches, as demonstrated by the Northern Gold Coast Beach Protection Strategy that we developed. As a substitute for the construction of sea walls or groynes, we decided to employ nearshore nourishment in the form of engineered sandbars as well as an artificial reef in order to stabilise the coastline. These techniques assisted in lowering erosion rates, boosting coastal resilience, and protecting local residents from the effects of severe weather occurrences. Adapting to Climate Change There is an immediate and critical need to adapt our coastal areas to the new reality as the effects of climate change continue to become more severe. Engineering with Nature, such as through nature-based solutions, living shorelines or eco-engineering provide options that are effective, sustainable and offer many secondary benefits, including carbon sequestration, enhancement of biodiversity, eco-tourism and the preservation of coastal values. The introduction of nature-based solutions into the Northern Gold Coast Beach Protection Strategy was helpful in protecting local ecosystems on the exposed shorelines, while also assuring the longevity and sustainability of our coastal defences by working with nature, instead of against it. We, at International Coastal Management, are able to design solutions that are flexible and robust by collaborating with nature, providing solutions that offer long-term sustainable protection for coastal communities in the face of changing climate conditions. Adapting more Nature Based Solutions into Design The societal challenges posed by climate change and disaster risks require innovative and sustainable solutions. Through our work at International Coastal Management, we've seen firsthand how NBS can successfully address these challenges, creating safer, more resilient coastal communities. Nature based approaches offer great coastal erosion solutions and with the right design, can be effective for a variety of sites. Get in contact with us, today and find out how to implement NBS into your coastal protection and enhancement projects We are committed to pushing the boundaries of what's possible in coastal engineering, using our experience and knowledge to implement NBS globally. If you're interested in learning more about our work or how NBS can benefit your coastal community, please visit our website or get in touch with us directly.

At International Coastal Management, we have personally witnessed the effectiveness of nature-based solutions (NBS) in addressing climate change and societal issues. Ecosystem services – the benefits provided by natural ecosystems that contribute to human well-being – are central to the concept of NBS. In this blog post, we'll delve into the concept of ecosystem services and the role they played in our project at Emu Lake. 4 Categories of the Natural World Ecosystem services are the numerous advantages we obtain from nature. They are typically divided into four categories: provisioning (e.g., food and water), regulating (e.g., climate regulation and flood control), cultural (e.g., spiritual and recreational advantages), and supporting (e.g., nutrient cycling, which supports all other ecosystem services). Coastal engineering has become increasingly aware of the crucial role ecosystem services play in protecting and enhancing coastal communities. By utilising these services, NBS can sustainably address societal challenges such as disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change. Emu Lake Floating Islands: Addressing Challenges with Ecosystem Services Due to seasonal rainfall and evaporation, the water level of Emu Lake fluctuates, resulting in nutrient flows that produce seasonal algal blooms. Our response? A series of artificial floating islands functioning as an artificial wetland to treat nutrient-rich water, enclosed by an impermeable clay bund in a designated area. The design of the project took into account the number and arrangement of floating islands, the space required around them for optimal performance, and the water depths required for optimal performance of the islands. The design of the bund centred on providing a separate area of consistent water level for effective water treatment, with special attention paid to alignment, stability, permeability, and wave action protection. These floating islands provide numerous ecological benefits. They provide habitats for local fauna (provisioning services), improve water quality by absorbing excess nutrients (regulating services), and increase the lake's aesthetic and recreational value (cultural services). The islands sustain a thriving ecosystem (supporting services) by facilitating nutrient cycling and primary production. Why Ecosystem Services Matter Ecosystem services are invaluable, as they provide a wide range of benefits, from preserving biodiversity to improving the cost-effectiveness of conventional engineering techniques. In addition, recognising and valuing ecosystem services can aid in securing community and stakeholder support. When the community understands the value of thriving ecosystems, they are more likely to support conservation and restoration efforts. Do you want a Nature Based Solution at your Site? At International Coastal Management, we integrate ecosystem services into our projects, showcasing the immense value of nature-based solutions in coastal engineering. The Emu Lake Floating Islands project is a testament to our commitment to harnessing nature's power in addressing climate change and societal challenges. Want to know more about how ecosystem services can benefit your community or coastal project? Visit our website or contact us directly for more information.

International Coastal Management has always believed in the ability to adapt. We have implemented nature-based solutions (NBS) in our coastal engineering initiatives in response to the escalating challenges posed by climate change. As a global leader in NBS , we understand that adaptation is about more than merely surviving; it is about flourishing. In this post, we'll discuss NBS's crucial role in climate change adaptation and highlight one of our pioneering initiatives. Climate change is one of the most pressing societal challenges of our time, with coastal areas bearing the brunt of its impacts. Sea-level rise, increased storm intensity, and changing precipitation patterns pose threats to coastal communities and ecosystems. To address these issues, adaptation measures are crucial. The NBS approach to climate change adaptation is sustainable and provides multiple benefits. In addition to enhancing coastal resilience against the effects of climate change, they enhance biodiversity, enhance water quality, and provide recreational spaces. Mimicking and Replicating Natural Coastal Elements In response to climate change, mimicking naturally occurring coastal elements has become a crucial component of International Coastal Management's coastal engineering initiatives. By replicating the functionalities of natural elements such as headlands, reefs, and dune systems, we are able to construct dynamic, storm-resistant coastlines for the future. For example, artificial headlands are crucial for shoreline stabilisation, regulating longshore drift and mitigating the effects of wave energy. Similarly, artificial reefs serve as vital barriers against wave erosion while concurrently promoting marine biodiversity through the provision of new habitats. Moreover, engineered dune systems mimic their natural counterparts in protecting against coastal erosion and flooding, while simultaneously nurturing a variety of plant and animal species. By recreating these natural shoreline responses, we ensure that our coastal interventions not only protect human communities, but also function in harmony with the surrounding ecosystems, fostering a relationship that is mutually beneficial for humans and nature. Recreating Sand Deprived Storm Bars with Nearshore Nourishment Moreover, another essential strategy is nearshore nourishment . This entails the placement of a large quantity of sand in the shoreline's active zone. This strategy attempts to imitate the formation of offshore storm bars during times of increased wave activity. These storm bars are nature's first line of defence against coastal erosion during storms, as they absorb wave energy and lessen their impact on the coastline. By emulating this natural process, nearshore sustenance provides an effective and long-lasting method for shoreline stabilisation. In addition, the newly created littoral environments can also provide improved surf conditions for seasonal benefits. Thus, this approach exemplifies the ethos of International Coasts Management - the development of robust climate adaptation measures that function in harmony with nature rather than in opposition to it to best serve the environmental and local populations. A great example of this working is on the Gold Coast where International Coastal Management has played an integral part of the nearshore nourishment campaigns for the last few decades. Get in contact, today! As an industry leader in NBS, International Coastal Management is at the vanguard of climate change adaptation innovations. We believe that by designing and implementing NBS with care, we can protect our coastlines and build resilient communities. Are you curious about how nature-based solutions can benefit your community or initiative in response to climate change? For additional information, please visit our website or get in touch with us directly.

Imagine a beach slowly eroding away, its golden sands being claimed by the relentless waves. Now, imagine a solution that not only slows this erosion but also rejuvenates the beach, making it more resilient to future climate change impacts. This isn't a dream; it's the effects of nearshore nourishment. Coastal areas are more than just picturesque landscapes; they are also dynamic ecosystems that play an important part in the preservation of the world's natural resources. However, these regions are continuously threatened by a variety of factors, both natural and anthropogenic in origin. The practice of nearshore nourishment has emerged as a viable solution to these problems, and it helps to ensure that our coastlines will continue to be resilient and vibrant in the future. The Genesis of Nearshore Nourishment There is nothing novel about the concept of restoring beaches and other coastal areas. Communities all over the world have spent the better part of the last few decades looking into ways to protect their coastlines and put an end to erosion. The second half of the 20th century, on the other hand, saw the beginning of the systematic approach to nearshore nourishment being developed as a coastal erosion solution . This transformation was significantly aided by the early developments of International Coastal Management. The pioneering spirit of the company's founder, Angus Jackson, was responsible for the development of a significant number of the approaches that are now commonly associated with nearshore nourishment. Jackson played a pivotal role in the initial trials that were conducted in the early 1980s on the Gold Coast, which established a standard for subsequent coastal management initiatives. Check out this video about our involvement in developing nearshore nourishment on the Gold Coast and its success. How does Nearshore Nourishment Work? Nearshore nourishment involves the strategic placement of sediments in the nearshore zone to promote natural beach replenishment. By understanding the local wave dynamics, tidal patterns, and sediment transport, experts can develop nearshore nourishment placement strategies to allow the natural process of sand migration to work for the benefit of the beach and actually naturally shift sand closer to the shore over time. Using a Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger for Nearshore Nourishment When it comes to beach nourishment, one piece of equipment stands out: the Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger (TSHD). This remarkable vessel offers versatility, allowing it to operate in varying offshore wave climates and discharge loads in multiple ways. A TSHD can perform beach nourishment through: Bottom Dumping: The vessel can unload its load through bottom doors, ensuring precise placement. Rainbowing: Using a nozzle on the bow or side, it can disperse material evenly across the shoreline. Pumping: It can pump material through a floating pipeline for precise placement. The TSHD operates on a fascinating principle: The vessel, equipped with one or two suction pipes, trails along the seabed. A powerful pump inside the vessel generates suction, dislodging and transporting a mixture of seabed materials and water. A drag-head, attached to the suction pipe, liquefies the seabed with a water jet system. As the vessel approaches the dredging area, it reduces speed and lowers the suction pipes overboard. Once in position, the dredge pumps start, and the material is sucked up through the drag-head into the hopper. The cycle consists of loading, sailing with a full load, unloading, and sailing empty. The duration of each cycle depends on various factors, including soil characteristics and sailing conditions. The Benefits of Nearshore Nourishment Eco-friendly : Unlike hard engineering solutions, nearshore nourishment works in harmony with nature, ensuring minimal disruption to coastal process and therefore is considered a nature based solution . Adaptive : As environmental conditions change, nearshore nourishment strategies can be adjusted to meet the evolving needs of the coastline. Economic Boost : Healthy coastlines attract tourism, bolstering local economies. Nature-Based Solutions: Embracing Sustainability While TSHD technology is impressive, coastal engineering is also embracing nature-based solutions. These approaches harmonize with nature to protect and restore coastlines, offering long-term benefits. Sand Placement includes: Placement in the Nearshore Zone by Bottom Dumping: This method accurately places sand between -4.0m and -7.0m CD but tends to deposit sand farther from the surf zone. Placement in the Nearshore Zone by Rainbowing: Sand is accurately placed between -3.0m and -5.0m CD, closer to the surf zone, offering visual appeal. However, it is a more time-consuming method. Looking Ahead With the looming threat of climate change and its impact on sea levels and storm frequencies, the importance of sustainable coastal management techniques like nearshore nourishment cannot be overstated. Thanks to pioneers like Angus Jackson and the efforts of International Coastal Management, we have a solid foundation to build upon and ensure the preservation of our invaluable coastlines. Nearshore nourishment is just one of the ways in which we can reduce beach erosion, in combination of a coastal management plan that can include sand bypassing systems and artificial reefs , nourishment projects can be even more effective. Learn More For an in-depth review of the history of nearshore nourishment, the trials and monitoring over specific projects and more, check out the published works by Angus Jackson and Bobbie Corbett , which were presented at the Australasian Coast and Ports Conference in 2023.

Marine and coastal engineering is an ever-evolving field, blending human innovation with nature's dynamism. Among the myriad of techniques, sand bypassing and backpassing have transformed our approach to coastal management. Anchoring this transformation is International Coastal Management, led by the insightful Angus Jackson (quotes from his technical report). Angus Jackson and Sand Bypassing Angus Jackson’s words provide a glimpse into his rich journey: "I have been involved with the design and operation of sand bypassing systems during my time with City of Gold Coast as their coastal Engineer from 1981 and subsequently as founder and Chief Coastal Engineer of ICM, till present. My observations over these 42 years are as follows." Some initial inspiration came when he ventured to the USA as part of a Gold Coast City Council tour in 1984, observing and learning from the coastal maestros of both the east and west coasts. One notable stop? The City of Oceanside, California, where Angus exchanged notes with fellow engineers on bypassing and beach nourishment. Lessons learnt were brought back, adjusted and implemented on the Gold Coast. From the early trials on the Gold Coast to numerous successful implementations across Australia, Angus's commitment to understanding coastal dynamics has crafted a legacy in coastal engineering. His hands-on approach, buoyed by scientific rigor, has been instrumental in navigating the challenges of diverse coastal environments. Decoding Sand Bypassing and Backpassing Coastal currents, shaped by waves and tides, perpetually shift sand. Yet, human interventions, like jetties, can disrupt this flow, leading to imbalances. Angus elaborates on the solution: "The first fixed jetty mounted system, at the Nerang River entrance, was commissioned in 1986 to provide a safe navigable entrance and has provided proof of concept for permanent bypassing systems in high wave energy environments where dredging was difficult." Bypassing and backpassing, therefore, are not just methods but crucial tools that maintain the ecological and aesthetic integrity of our shores. It really is a nature based solution approach to maintain natural sand flow. Effective Sand Management Delving deeper, Angus sheds light on the nuances of littoral transport: "Littoral transport of sediments (generally sand but can be shingles and other beach materials) is a result of the longshore currents generated by waves approaching the beach obliquely." Understanding this transport is pivotal. As Angus points out, "Bypass systems are best suited to situations where there is a predominant net littoral sand transport in one direction and the flow of sand is interrupted causing sand deficit and erosion down drift." Effective sand management, thus, involves recognizing these nuances and implementing solutions that are both efficient and ecologically sound. It is a vital piece of the puzzle when deriving coastal erosion solutions . How Does Sand Bypassing Work? In essence, sand bypassing is Mother Nature's conveyor belt, with a bit of human ingenuity. Coastal currents, driven by waves and tides, naturally shift sand. However, obstacles like jetties can interrupt this flow. Sand bypassing systems act like detour routes, mechanically transferring sand around these obstructions, ensuring that the natural movement isn't hindered. Think of it as creating a detour for sand when its usual path is blocked. Advantages of Sand Bypassing Erosion Control : With sand constantly on the move, areas down drift of obstructions can experience erosion. Sand bypassing counteracts this, maintaining beach width as a beach erosion prevention solution . Navigation : For ports and harbours, sand can be a nuisance, leading to siltation. Bypassing ensures channels remain clear and navigable. Recreation and Tourism : Ever visited a beach only to find it eroded? Bypassing systems ensure beaches remain tourist-friendly. They can also provided added benefits for improved surfing conditions as notably found on the Gold Coast in both bypassing locations. Economic Benefits : From boosting tourism to reducing the costs associated with dredging, the economic perks are noteworthy. Environmental Balance : Beaches are habitats too. Bypassing ensures minimal disruption to natural longshore processes, protecting coastal ecosystems by allowing natural flow ICM's Bypassing and Backpassing Experience Nerang River Bypassing and Backpassing Angus Jackson, serving as the City of Gold Coast's coastal engineer, played a pivotal advisory role in the 1980s implementation of the Nerang River sand bypass system on the Gold Coast. This jetty-mounted pump system, established by the Qld Government, ensured safer navigation at the notorious Nerang River entrance, benefiting both recreational boaters and the commercial fishing fleet, while preserving natural sand transport patterns. The fixed system places sand beyond the entrance and is complemented by a mobile dredge that clears sand build-ups in nearby channels. ICM has overseen several of these operations. This effective system has not only boosted commercial and recreational marine activities, resulting in significant economic gains, but has also enhanced surfing, ensuring even naval vessels can safely access the Seaway. Tweed River Bypass System In 1985, Angus Jackson ( Jackson 1985 ) pinpointed the need for a second sand bypassing system at the Gold Coast's southern end. Data revealed significant sand losses due to the Tweed River training walls since 1962, eroding southern beaches and leading to North Kirra SLSC being the only surf club without a beach. Initiatives began in 1985, focusing on innovative nearshore nourishment to offset these sand losses and address rising sea levels. Research with the University of NSW confirmed the importance of restoring natural sand transport. By 2001, a bypass jetty was established, though occasional dredging remained necessary. Crucially, dredged sand deposition was executed thoughtfully, enhancing a popular surfing location, creating the " superbank ", and ensuring minimal beachgoer disruption. Tallebudgera Creek and Currumbin Creek The 1980s marked a transformative era for coastal management, especially around the Tallebudgera and Currumbin Creeks. These waterways, while picturesque, were grappling with challenges. Sand accumulation at their mouths disrupted the natural flow, heightened flood risks, and impacted water quality. But every challenge presents an opportunity for innovation, and that's where Angus stepped in with a visionary solution. Angus recognized the multifaceted benefits of sand bypassing. By implementing annual pumping from these creeks, not only was the trapped sand effectively relocated to replenish the beaches, but two critical issues were simultaneously addressed: flood mitigation and water quality enhancement. The logic was simple yet profound. Removing excess sand would ensure smoother water flow, reducing the potential for floods. At the same time, with improved flow, water stagnation was minimized, leading to healthier, cleaner water in the creeks. But how was this achieved? The tool of choice was a 12-14’ cutter suction dredge. This powerful equipment, designed to lift and transfer sediment, became the workhorse of the operation. Year after year, it has been put to task, ensuring that the sand bypassing process continues seamlessly. Fast forward to today, and the legacy of that decision still resonates. The annual bypassing ritual has become a testament to foresight, innovation, and commitment to the environment. It's not just about moving sand; it's about sculpting a healthier, safer, and more vibrant coastal ecosystem. Noosa Main Beach Backpassing System Nestled in the heart of Queensland, Noosa stands as a beacon of coastal beauty, with its azure waters and golden sands beckoning visitors from around the world. But beneath this serene facade, like many coastlines, Noosa grappled with its own set of challenges. The preservation of its iconic Main Beach was paramount, and the need for an effective sand management system was evident. Enter International Coastal Management (ICM). Leveraging decades of coastal engineering experience, ICM was approached to provide its expert insights on a proposed backpass system for Noosa. Designed by the renowned Slurry Systems, this innovative setup was poised to be a game-changer for Main Beach. Backpassing, is a technique where sand is mechanically transported from areas of accumulation to areas of erosion, generally against the naturally net flow. It's one successful way to 'recycle' the sand in the system to prevent net loss. ICM's role was multi-faceted. The first order of business was advising on the optimal location for the system. The placement was crucial, ensuring maximum efficiency while minimizing environmental impact. Next, ICM assisted in navigating the intricate maze of operations and obtaining the necessary approvals. With environmental and local concerns at the forefront, this phase was integral to ensure the system was not only effective but also harmonious with Noosa's natural and community landscape. At its core, the backpass system's mission was clear: pump approximately 30,000 cubic meters of sand annually in a southward direction, rejuvenating and maintaining the splendor of Main Beach. Today, thanks to collaborative efforts between ICM, Slurry Systems, and local stakeholders, Noosa's Main Beach continues to thrive, a testament to the power of innovation, expertise, and dedication to preserving nature's wonders. Other Locations Some other implementation dredge based bypassing systems by ICM include: Rosslyn Bay Marina Port Hacking Scarborough Marina Woorim Runaway Bay Canal Entrance Coffs Harbour Mooloolaba River Entrance ICM's Role in Harnessing Nature's Power With Angus at its helm, ICM has consistently demonstrated an uncanny ability to harness nature's power for coastal management. Angus remarks on the versatility of bypassing systems: "Sand bypassing systems can be synchronous with the sand transport (such as a fixed pump system) or intermittent (such as by a mobile dredge that recovers sand 'lost' into a natural or man-made tidal entrance [e.g., a harbour])." Furthermore, the benefits extend beyond mere coastal management. Angus notes, "With appropriate discharge locations, sand bypassing systems can improve surfing (e.g., Superbank) and provide substantial economic benefits." Sand bypassing is a great tool in the coastal engineering toolbox that mimics natural conditions and work well in conjunction with nearshore nourishment and artificial reefs as proven on the Gold Coast, Australia. Contact us about Sand Bypassing With insights from Angus Jackson and ICM's unwavering commitment, our coastlines promise a resilient and vibrant future. As the sands shift, so does our approach, ever-evolving, always innovating. Read more about sand bypassing systems and their impacts.

The International Coastal Management team had a great experience at the 38th International Conference on Coastal Engineering (ICCE 2024) in Rome. This year’s conference brought together leading minds in coastal engineering to explore sustainable solutions for the future of our shorelines. We are excited to share key insights from our poster presentation and the promising discussions we had with industry professionals. ICCE 2024 Poster Presentation Highlights ICM’s Sam King  presented on “ Working with Nature Along Open Coasts, the Past, Present and Future ” , where we explored how leveraging natural processes can enhance coastal resilience. The presentation focused on: Artificial reefs, beach nourishment , and how these nature-based solutions can be applied to high-wave energy environments. Key lessons from our Gold Coast  projects and how these are informing the design and implementation of our upcoming project in Oceanside, California . How AI and citizen science  are being integrated into project designs to improve accuracy in predictions and outcomes. This research generated meaningful discussions, with many attendees showing interest in adopting similar approaches for their coastal resilience efforts. Key Insights from the ICCE 2024 One of the most prominent themes throughout the conference was the increasing focus on nature-based solutions  to address critical issues like coastal erosion , sea-level rise , and environmental sustainability . Among these solutions, oyster reefs  stood out as a vital topic of discussion, particularly for their dual role in coastal protection  and ecological restoration . A prime example of this is our Noosa Oyster Ecosystem Restoration Project  in Queensland, Australia. This groundbreaking initiative, led by our Senior Coastal Engineer, Sam King , involves the design, installation, and seeding of 30 reef patches with over 600,000 juvenile oysters . These reefs not only protect the riverbanks from erosion but also significantly enhance water quality and support marine biodiversity. The project, carried out in partnership with The Nature Conservancy , Noosa Council , and other local and national bodies, is a testament to how restoring natural ecosystems can benefit urban estuarine environments while protecting heritage sites. Our real-world experience with oyster reefs and other nature-based solutions  resonated with many at the conference. We shared valuable data and insights from our projects, further validating the effectiveness of these approaches in creating resilient coastlines. Key Trends and Insights from ICCE 2024 There was a focus on the eco-morphodynamics of coral reefs , exploring how these natural structures interact with waves and sediments. Analysis of Nature Based Processes , including physical modelliny and implementation into numerical models to assist with design. The complexity of sea-river interactions  in microtidal systems was a key topic. Presentations emphasised the importance of integrated modelling to manage flood risks in estuarine cities, especially as climate change amplifies dynamic forces such as river flows and storm surges. As coastal cities continue to expand and climate change impacts intensify, coastal adaptation  was presented as one of the greatest challenges for engineers. Sessions on physical and numerical modeling  in coastal engineering showcased how these tools are being used to better understand wave dynamics, shoreline processes, and flood risks. These models are essential for designing effective coastal protection measures. There was a spotlight on compound coastal flooding  caused by the convergence of multiple dynamic forces like wind, waves, and storm surges. The use of fast compound flood modeling tools, such as SFINCS , was discussed as a promising approach to mitigate the impact of coastal flooding in vulnerable regions. Technical Tour Takeaways: Sam King attended the technical tour of Ostia Beach and Marina , and observed the implementation of Italy’s submerged and emerged breakwaters, along with sand nourishment techniques. It was a great chance to exchange insights and compare these systems with the work we've done around the globe—highlighting how tailored coastal protection methods can safeguard popular beaches worldwide. New Collaborations: As one of the official sponsors of the ICCE 2024, our Director Aaron Salyer and Senior Coastal Engineer Sam King were able to make valuable connections with university professionals, research labs, and government bodies across the globe who visited our booth. These discussions have opened up exciting collaborations that will advance coastal resilience efforts worldwide. For Europe, we explored potential partnerships on nearshore nourishment projects, with promising opportunities to collaborate on future research. Conversations about Asia and North America revolved around new advancements in geospatial technology and ecological reef development, opening the door for joint applications of these innovations in upcoming projects. We also had significant discussions about coastal protection solutions in North America, with the potential for a large-scale project involving local consultants. Additionally, we explored partnerships for coastal engineering projects in West Africa and Asia. Further discussions included: Mangrove studies in Australia, focusing on restoring and protecting vital coastal ecosystems based on learnings from our successful project experience Student exchange programs in Europe, aimed at fostering the next generation of coastal engineers. Increasing the modelling forecasting and outputting of nature based solutions These conversations opened exciting collaborations across multiple regions, positioning ICM to continue its leadership in innovative, nature-based coastal solutions. Looking Ahead: ICCE 2024 confirmed the growing global interest in sustainable, nature-based coastal protection. As we return from Rome, we are eager to follow up on the exciting connections we made and continue pushing the boundaries of coastal resilience  through nature-based engineering solutions. If you’re interested in learning more about our work or discussing potential collaborations, please reach out to us via our contact form .

International Coastal Management was delighted to participate in the International Coastal Symposium 2024 (ICS2024) , held in Doha, Qatar, from September 24–27. ICS2024 brought together experts from across the world to discuss the latest innovations in coastal management under the theme “Coastlines under Global Change.” With two key presentations, ICM’s Senior Coastal Engineer, Sam King , showcased our groundbreaking work on Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal Management in the Arabian Gulf  and the Design and Construction of Floating Islands in Qatar . Presentation 1: Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal Management in the Arabian Gulf The Arabian Gulf faces unique coastal challenges due to urbanisation, environmental degradation, and the impacts of climate change. Sam King’s presentation highlighted the role of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) , such as mangrove forests, shellfish reefs, and saltmarshes, as sustainable alternatives to traditional hard-engineering coastal protections. Key insights from the presentation: NBS approaches not only offer coastal protection but also enhance biodiversity, water quality, and carbon sequestration. The region hosts a range of resilient coastal ecologies with the potential to serve as effective NBS, creating a “living shoreline” for coastal protection. Implementing these solutions in the Gulf requires tailored designs that account for local conditions, climate impacts, and community engagement. Sam emphasised the importance of integrating local traditional knowledge into coastal management plans to ensure long-term success. This session sparked great discussions about the role of NBS in enhancing coastal resilience. It is clear that maximising the benefits of NBS in the region requires a collaborative approach, combining effective stakeholder consultation, engagement with a multidisciplinary team experienced in NBS, and the development of a robust monitoring and adaptive management program. This holistic strategy ensures that NBS projects not only protect coastlines but also deliver long-term environmental, social, and economic benefits. Read the full article Presentation 2: Design and Construction of Floating Islands in Qatar As urbanisation and climate change drive demand for waterfront access and land reclamation, floating islands offer a practical solution to expand available coastal space. Sam’s second presentation focused on ICM’s work on floating islands  in Qatar, a project that addresses sea-level rise, urban expansion, and the need for innovative coastal development. Key insights from the presentation: Floating and overwater structures can offer flexibility and reduce environmental impacts compared to traditional land reclamation. Careful design and construction methods are essential to ensure buoyancy, stability, and the ability to withstand dynamic environmental conditions, such as high tides and storm events. ICM’s floating islands project in Qatar is a pioneering example of integrating environmental sustainability with innovative urban development. This presentation demonstrated the potential for floating islands to transform urban waterfronts, offering an innovative solution to mitigate sea level rise impacts and provide opportunities to enhance environmental outcomes. Read the full article Key Takeaways from ICS2024 Our presentation on nature-based solutions aligned with ongoing discussions about the critical role of NBS in preserving, restoring and enhancing coastal resilience and biodiversity, as showcased in various sessions, including the panel on Coastal Resilience under Global Change. Climate change was a central focus of the symposium, highlighted in sessions such as Attribution of Alterations in Coastal Processes to Manifestations of Climate Change. Our presentation on floating islands resonated with the conference's broader theme of sustainable infrastructure. These innovative structures offer a viable alternative to traditional land reclamation, addressing the challenges of urbanisation and limited coastal land availability. The Science-to-Policy Dialogue focused on protecting Qatar’s natural environment and advancing sustainable development. Discussions emphasised the role of effective laws, legislation, and integrated laboratory systems, particularly those managed by the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), in safeguarding the country’s marine and coastal ecosystems. Looking Ahead ICS2024 provided an excellent platform for ICM to strengthen partnerships and discuss future collaboration opportunities. We look forward to continuing our work in Qatar and the wider Arabian Gulf, further developing coastal resilience solutions tailored to the region's unique challenges. If you missed the presentations, we invite you to connect with us to explore how these innovative solutions could benefit your next coastal project. Reach out to our team for a consultation or to receive more detailed insights from our work at ICS2024. 📧 Contact Us